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Anti-Semitism among the
Arabs
By Eliahu Salpeter (Haaretz)
The term "anti-Semitism" was invented by a German
journalist to express his own attitudes and to define
the hatred of Jews on a racial basis, as distinct from
hostility toward Judaism. The fact that the Arabs are
also Semites has created several paradoxes.Hitler was
on good terms with Jerusalem's mufti, Haj Amin
El-Husseini, one of the Arab world's most rabid
anti-Semites. Yet today's Arab anti-Semites
disingenuously claim that Arabs can never be
anti-Semites, because that would amount to self-hatred.
Nonetheless, modern-day Arab anti-Semites have
distanced themselves from the anti-Semitic roots in
Islam and have adopted the symbols, expressions and
messages of Western racist anti-Semitism.
The official Syrian newspaper, Tishrin, last week
issued a particularly crude anti-Semitic barrage,
claiming, for example, that the Holocaust is a legend
invented to extort money and sympathy from the West.
Such accusations have been made before in the Arab
world - in fact, ever since the end of World War II.
Thus Arab anti-Semites take the same position as
neo-Nazis and other anti-Semites who have turned
Holocaust denial into a central plank of their ideology.
Nor was Tishrin's phrasing a new development. Syria
continues to provide Nazi war criminals with political
asylum and has always used extreme anti-Semitic
wording in its verbal attacks on Israel. Nor is this the
first time that Damascus has used such vitriol in order
to heighten tensions with Israel.
In 1998, when the Swiss bank accounts of Holocaust
victims hit the headlines, Damascus Radio declared
that the issue "raises many legitimate doubts
concerning Nazi crematoria allegedly used to
incinerate the Jews ... The Nazi high command
included a large number of Jewish officers and many
of them were close associates of Hitler."
The last statement echoes two traditional Western
"arguments" used to deny the Holocaust - that the
cultivation of the "Holocaust mystique" is designed to
extort additional funds from the West and to stifle any
criticism of either Jews or Zionism. Holocaust denial
has additional meaning for Arab anti-Semites, who
claim that the "legend of the six million" led the West
to establish the State of Israel - at the expense of the
Palestinians.
From the Arab anti-Semites' perspective, Holocaust
denial undermines the moral foundations of the Jewish
state. It is thus not surprising that Western Holocaust
deniers, such as David Irving and France's Roger
Garaudy (who has converted to Islam), are both
pro-Arab and anti-Zionist.
Syrian Holocaust denial has a tactical political
meaning. The Syrians are aware that Jews are
especially sensitive to the issue of Holocaust denial.
Damascus's decision to raise this issue when the talks
with Israel have reached an impasse shows a flagrant
disregard for Jewish sensibilities and perhaps also
indicates the kind of peace Syria is contemplating with
Israel. It is regrettable that Israel does not respond
more forcefully to such venom.
Arab publications in the area of Holocaust denial give
the impression that the leading Holocaust deniers in
the Arab world are intellectuals, who are also the chief
opponents to peace with Israel. This is not a new
development. In 1961, the Saudi Arabian press defined
Adolf Eichmann as a "martyr who bestowed a true
blessing on humanity." Even the Palestinian press
contains expressions of Holocaust denial.
The oppositionist, fundamentalist press in moderate
Arab states consistently contains statements denying
the Holocaust and has much in common with Iranian
newspapers that explain that the Holocaust "legend"
was concocted to inspire fear in the hearts of Jews and
to force them to seek asylum in post-war Palestine.
A comprehensive study of world anti-Semitism,
recently published by Tel Aviv University's Stephen
Roth Institute in collaboration with the University of
Nebraska, includes an article on the rethinking of the
Holocaust in the Arab world.
The author, Esther Webman of the Roth Institute and
the Dayan Institute, points out that Holocaust denial
has become an increasing factor in Arab anti-Semitism.
She describes the immense grass-roots support
Garaudy received when he visited the Middle East
after a Paris court fined him heavily for disseminating
denials of Jewish persecution.
Webman's study also notes certain indications of a
change taking place in traditional Arab positions on
the Holocaust. Knesset Member Ahmed Tibi explained
Yasser Arafat's desire to visit the Holocaust museum in
Washington as an expression of the Palestinian leader's
desire "to share the Jewish people's historical pain"
and to strengthen ties between Palestinians and
Israelis.
Her study cites an article that appeared in the
London-based Arab-language newspaper A-Sharq
Al-Ouest, whose editor warned that Holocaust-deniers
"do not understand that they are concealing the
persecution of Muslims by neo-Nazis in Germany and
in other parts of Europe."
A former member of the Palestine Liberation
Organization's executive committee, Shafiq Al-Hut, has
said that the Holocaust has become an Arab problem
because of its politicization, but also notes that no Arab
or Palestinian could ever deny the Holocaust.
These new trends are still something of a rarity amid
the flurry of two self-contradictory positions expressed
by Arabs on the Holocaust. On the one hand, there is
the denial, while on the other hand there is the claim
that the Palestinians are being forced to pay the price
for the crimes of the Europeans against the Jews.
The only way to remove the contradiction is to stop
denying the Holocaust. The vitriolic statements
appearing in last week's Tishrin perhaps indicate how
long we may have to wait for such a development
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